| Common Name | Scientific Name | Notes |
| Superfamily Papilionoidea | | |
| Family Papilionidae – Swallowtails and Parnassians | | |
| Pipevine Swallowtail | Battus philenor | rare visitor, a few instances of breeding |
| Black Swallowtail | Papilio polyxenes | common in gardens and fields |
| Eastern Tiger Swallowtail | Papilio glaucus | common and widespread |
| Spicebush Swallowtail | Papilio Troilus | moderately common in woodland clearings |
| Giant Swallowtail | Papilio cresphontes | Rare vagrant/migrant, first recorded 2012 |
| Family Pieridae – Whites and Yellows | | |
| Cabbage White | Pieris rapae | common and widespread; abundant in late summer and early fall |
| Clouded Sulphur | Colias philodice | common, especially in agricultural fields |
| Orange Sulphur | Colias eurytheme | common and widespread |
| Cloudless Sulphur | Phoebis sennae | uncommon but quite regular immigrant |
| Little Yellow Sulphur | Pyrisitia lisa | rare immigrant in summer; more common historically |
| Family Lycaenidae – Gossamer Wings | | |
| American Copper | Lycaena phlaeas | widespread, common to abundant |
| Bog Copper | Lycaena epixanthe | locally common in bogs |
| Red-banded Hairstreak | Calycopis cecrops | uncommon but likely becoming established: first records (2) in 2016, recorded annually in recent years. |
| Coral Hairstreak | Satyrium titus | locally common in old fields and edges |
| Edwards’ Hairstreak | Satyrium edwardsii | locally abundant near Quercus ilicifolia |
| Banded Hairstreak | Satyrium calanus | uncommon |
| Striped Hairstreak | Satyrium lipaprops | uncommon; generally moist woodland and edges |
| Oak Hairstreak | Satyrium favionus | Unreported most years, but occasionally locally common (e.g., 2004). |
| Juniper Hairstreak | Callophrys gryneus | locally common, closely associated with Juniperus virginiana |
| Brown Elfin | Callophrys augustus | locally common in open areas |
| Hoary Elfin | Callophrys polios | locally common near host plant, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi |
| Frosted Elfin | Callophrys irus | rare; species of Special Concern in MA |
| Eastern Pine Elfin | Callophrys niphon | common |
| White-M Hairstreak | Parrhasius m-album | rare and local, unreported most years |
| Gray Hairstreak | Strymon melinus | variably common; on Nomans Land |
| Eastern Tailed Blue | Everes comyntas | common; on Nomans Land |
| Spring Azure | Celastrina ladon | common in and near woodlands |
| Cherry-gall Azure | Celastrina serotina | common in and near woodlands |
| Summer Azure | Celastrina neglecta | uncommon |
| Family Nymphalidae – Brush-footed Butterflies, Wood Nymphs and Milkweed Butterflies | | |
| Variegated Fritillary | Euptoieta Claudia | uncommon immigrant |
| Great Spangled Fritillary | Speyeria cybele | historical and a few recent records; not known to breed here |
| Aphrodite | Speyeria Aphrodite | one record, 1936 |
| Regal Fritillary | Speyeria idalia | formerly uncommon; extirpated by 1987 |
| Silver-bordered Fritillary | Boloria selene | historical reports; no recent records |
| Meadow Fritillary | Boloria bellona | one historical record in 1934 |
| Pearl Crescent | Phyciodes tharos | common and widespread |
| Baltimore | Euphydryas phaeton | locally common |
| Question Mark | Polygonia interrogationis | moderately common, especially in late summer |
| Eastern Comma | Polygonia comma | surprisingly scarce; only one recent record |
| Gray Comma | Polygonia progne | rare vagrant; found in 1939 |
| Compton Tortoiseshell | Nymphalis vau-album | rare visitor; only recent record July 1999 |
| Mourning Cloak | Nymphalis antiopa | fairly common; on Nomans Land |
| American Lady | Vanessa virginiensis | common; on Nomans Land |
| Painted Lady | Vanessa cardui | uncommon to, occasionally, fairly common visitor |
| Red Admiral | Vanessa atalanta | irregular migrant, sometimes very common; on Nomans Land |
| Common Buckeye | Junonia coenia | uncommon migrant, mostly late summer, on Nomans Land |
| Red-spotted Purple | Limenitis arthemis | common |
| Viceroy | Limenitis archippus | rare in recent years |
| Appalachian Brown | Satyrodes appalachia | locally common on wetland edges |
| Little Wood Satyr | Megisto cymela | abundant in woodland edges and clearings |
| Common Ringlet | Coenonympha tullia | moderately common in grassy areas |
| Common Wood Nymph | Cercyonis pegala | common to abundant; on Nomans Land |
| Monarch | Danaus plexippus | common and widespread; on Nomans Land |
| Queen | Danaus gilippus | vagrant; one record, July 8, 1934 |
| American Snout | Libytheana carinenta | one record, September 6, 2010 |
| Superfamily Hesperioidea | | |
| Family Hesperiidae – Skippers | | |
| Long-tailed Skipper | Urbanus proteus | one record, 2023 |
| Silver-spotted Skipper | Epargyreus clarus | common in gardens and open habitats |
| Southern Cloudywing | Thorybes bathyllus | local and uncommon |
| Northern Cloudywing | Thorybes pylades | local and uncommon |
| Dreamy Duskywing | Erynnis icelus | rare to, at best, uncommon |
| Sleepy Duskywing | Erynnis brizo | common in oak woods |
| Juvenal’s Duskywing | Erynnis juvenalis | common to abundant near oaks |
| Horace’s Duskywing | Erynnis horatius | rare but presumably resident |
| Wild Indigo Duskywing | Erynnis baptisiae | moderately common |
| Common Sootywing | Pholisora catullus | uncommon to rare |
| Least Skipper | Ancyloxypha numitor | common in grassy areas; on Nomans Land |
| European Skipper | Thymelicus lineola | a common exotic; on Nomans Land |
| Fiery Skipper | Hylephila phyleus | vagrant in late summer; about a half-dozen records, some of multiple individuals |
| Leonard’s Skipper | Hesperia leonardus | local; uncommon in grassland; on Nomans Land |
| Cobweb Skipper | Hesperia metea | moderately common in grassland |
| Indian Skipper | Hesperia sassacus | Local, fairly common where it occurs |
| Peck’s Skipper | Polites peckius | common and widespread; on Nomans Land |
| Tawny-edged Skipper | Polites themistocles | common in open habitats |
| Crossline Skipper | Polites origenes | uncommon |
| Long Dash | Polites mystic | common; on Nomans Land |
| Northern Broken Dash | Wallengrenia egeremet | common |
| Sachem | Atalopedes campestris | apparently established, sometimes fairly common. First records 1997 |
| Hobomok Skipper | Lon hobomock | common |
| Zabulon Skipper | Lon zabulon | Established on the Vineyard by 2016, now fairly common. |
| Broad-winged Skipper | Poanes viator | uncommon |
| Black Dash | Euphyes conspicua | rare at best, likely extirpated; no recent records |
| Dun Skipper | Euphyes ruricola | common to abundant, our most numerous Hesperine |
| Dusted Skipper | Atrytonopsis hianna | uncommon |