Martha's Vineyard Atlas of LifeSpecies ListsProtoctistsChecklist of Protoctists

Checklist of Protoctists

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Kingdom Protoctista

Scientific NameNotes
Phylum Myxomycota – Slime Molds
Lycogala epidendrumWolf’s Milk Slime
Phylum Phaeophyta – Brown Algae
Family Ectocarpaceae
Botrytella micromora Boryuncommon summer annual; not reported since 1900
Ectocarpus fasciculatus Harv.aseasonal annual commonest in winter and spring
Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngb.annual in quiet waters
Hincksia granulose (J. E. Smith) P. C. Silvayear-round
Hincksia ovata (Kjellm) P. C. Silvashallow sublittoral; not reported since 1900
Hincksia sandriana (Zanardini) P. C. Silvaseason in fall and winter; unreported since 1900
Hincksia secunda (Kütz.) Battersannual in shallow sublittoral
Pilayella littoralis (L.) Kjellm.common in spring and early summer
Spongonema tormentosum (Huds.) Kütz.epiphyte on other species
Family Lithodermataceae
Petroderma maculiforme (Wollny) Kuck.common crustose species
Pseudolithoderma paradoxum Sears and R. T. Wilceperennial crustose species
Pseudolithoderma subextensum (Waern) S. Lundperennial crustose species in sublittoral
Sorapion kjellmani (Wille) Rosenv.perennial crustose species
Sorapion simulans Kuck.perennial crustose species in sublittoral
Symphyocarpus strangulans Rosenv.perennial crustose species
Family Myrionemataceae
Myrionema balticum (Reinke) Foslieepiphyte; first record south of Cape Cod (Sears 1971)
Myrionema strangulans Grev.uncommon
Family Ralfsiaceae
Ralfsia fungiformis (Gunnerus) Setch. & N. L. Gardnerperennial in tide pools
Family Acrothricaceae
Acrothrix gracilis Kylinsummer annual in quiet bays
Family Chordariaceae
Chordaria flagelliformis (O. F. Müll.) C. Agardhyear-round in lower intertidal zone
Eudesme virescens (Carmich. ex Berk.) J. Agardhannual in spring and summer
Sphaerotrichia divaricata (C. Agardh) Kylinsummer annual
Family Corynophlaeaceae
Leathessia difformis (L.) Aresch.common epiphyte
Family Elachistaceae
Elachista fucicola (Velley) Aresch.common year-round on open coasts
Leptonematella fasciculata (Reinke) P. C. Silvacommon epiphyte
Family Spermatochnaceae
Stilophora tenella (Esper) P. C. Silvacommon in quiet bays
Family Tilopteridaceae
Haplospora globosa Kjellm.common winter-spring annual
Tilopteris mertensii (Turner in Sm.) Kütz.winter-spring annual in semiprotected bays
Family Cladostephaceae
Cladostephus spongiosus (Huds.) C. Agardhperennial in sandy areas
Family Sphacelariaceae
Sphacelaria cirrosa (Roth) C. Agardhcommon perennial on rocks and an epiphyte
Sphacelaria fusca (Huds.) Grayperennial, on open coasts
Sphacelaria plumigera Holmes ex Hauckperennial
Sphacelaria racemosa Grev.perennial in tide pools
Sphacelaria radicans (Dillwyn) Harv.perennial in tide pools
Family Dictyosiphonaceae
Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus (Huds.) Grev.summer annual in sublittoral pools
Family Giraudiaceae
Giraudia sphacelaroides Derbés & Solier in Castagnerare; last recorded in 1892; needs confirmation
Family Myriotrichiaceae
Myriotrichia clavaeformis Harv.uncommon epiphyte
Family Pogotrichaceae
Pogotrichum filiforme Reinkerare annual; last reported in 1895
Family Punctariaceae
Asperococcus fistulosus (Huds.) Hooklate winter-summer annual
Punctaria latifolia Grev.seasonal annual in shallow sublittoral
Punctaria plantaginea (Roth) Grev.common spring-early summer annual
Punctaria tenuissima (C. Agardh) Grev.seasonal annual in spring and summer
Rhadinocladia farlowii Schuhuncommon epiphyte
Family Striariaceae
Stictyosiphon tortilis (Rupr.) Reinkeuncommon annual
Striaria attenuata (Grev.) Grev.uncommon annual in spring
Family Scytosiphonaceae
Petalonia fascia (O. F. Müll.) Kuntzewinter-spring annual
Petalonia zosterifolia (Reinke) Kuntzeuncommon epiphyte from spring to early winter
Scytosiphon dotyi M. J. Wynneaseasonal annual in tide pools
Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngb.) Linkwinter-spring annual
Family Arthrocladiaceae
Arthrocladia villosa (Huds.) Dubysummer annual
Family Desmarestiaceae
Desmarestia aculenta (L.) J. V. Lamour.perennial
Desmarestia viridis (O. F. Müll.) J. V. Lamour.winter-spring annual
Family Halosyphonaceae
Halosiphon tormentosus (Lyngb.) Jaasundcommon especially spring to fall
Family Chordaceae
Chorda filum (L.) Stackh.common summer-fall annual
Family Laminariaceae
Laminaria digitata (Huds.) J. V. Lamour.common
Laminaria saccharina (L.) J. V. Lamour.common perennial in deep tide pools
Family Fucaceae
Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) Le Jol.common perennial
Fucus evanescens C. Agardhyear-round in sheltered areas
Fucus spiralis L.moderately common in upper intertidal zone
Fucus vesiculosus L.common perennial
Family Sargassaceae
Sargassum filipendula C. Agardhcommon perennial in shallow warm areas
Sargassum fluitans (Børgesen) Børgesenoccasionally brought by the Gulf Stream
Phylum Rhodophyta – Red Algae
Family Porphyridiaceae
Stylonema alsidii (Zanardini) K. M. Drewuncommon on stones or as an epiphyte
Family Erythrotrichiaceae
Erythrotrichia carnea (Dillwyn) J. Agardhaseasonal annual in quiet waters
Porphyropsis coccinea (J. Agardh ex Aresch.) Rosenv.spring-summer annual
Family Bangiaceae
Porphyra leucosticta Thur. in Le Jol.annual winter-spring epiphyte
Porphyra umbilicalis (L.) Kütz.variably abundant annual
Family Acrochaetiaceae
Audouinella dasyae (Collins) Woelk.uncommon annual in shallow sublittoral
Audouinella efflorescens (J. Agardh) Papenf.uncommon fall-early winter annual
Audouinella endozoica (Darbishire) P. S. Dixonuncommon in sublittoral
Family Palmariaceae
Palmaria palnmata (L.) Kuntzeperennial
Family Rhodophysemataceae
Rhodophysema elegans (P. Crouan & H. Crouan ex J. Agardh) P. S. Dixonperennial crust
Rhodophysema georgii Battersannual crust on eelgrass
Family Liagoraceae
Nemalion helminthoides (Velley in With.) Batterssporadic annual
Family Galaxauraceae
Scinaia furcellata (Turner) J. Agardhuncommon summer annual
Family Bonnemaisoniaceae
Bonnemaisonia hamifera (Hariot) Okamuracommon summer annual; includes Trailliella intricata (J. Agardh) Batters
Family Gelidiaceae
Gelidium pusillum (Stackh.) Le Jol.intertidal zone perennial
Family Ahfeltiaceae
Ahnfeltia plicata (Huds.) Fr.moderately common perennial
Family Gracilariaceae
Gracilaria tikvahiae McLachlansheltered water perennial; includes G. foliifera (Forsskål) Børgesen and G. verrucosa (Huds.) Papenfuss.
Family Hildenbrandiaceae
Hildenbrandia rubra (Sommerf.) Menegh.perennial crust; includes H. prototypes Nardo
Family Coralinaceae
Corallina officinalis L.perennial on open coasts
Melobesia membranacea (Esper.) J. V. Lamour.annual on open coasts
Phymatolithon laevigatum (Foslie) Foslieperennial coralline crust
Family Cystocloniaceae
Cystoclonium purpureum (Huds.) Battersperennial in quiet waters
Family Dumontiaceae
Dumontia contorta (S. G. Gmel.) Rupr.late winter to spring annual
Family Gigartinaceae
Chordrus crispus Stackh.abundant perennial
Family Gloiosiphoniaceae
Gloiosiphonia capillaris (Huds.) Berk.sporadically present in tide pools
Plagiospora gracilis Kuck.possibly perennial crustose species
Family Haemeschariaceae
Haemescharia hennedyi R. T.Wilce & Maggsinvader from Europe
Family Hypneaceae
Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen in Jacq.) J. V. Lamour.epiphyte on coarse algae
Family Kallymeniaceae
Callophyllis cristata (C. Agardh) Kütz.sublittoral perennial
Family Nemastomataceae
Tsengia bairdii (Farl.) K. C. Fan & Y. P. Fanrare; known from Gay Head 5 times from about 1880 to 1961
Family Peyssonneliaceae
Peysonnelia dubyi P. Crouan & H. Crouanperennial crust
Family Phyllophoraceae
Coccotylus truncatus (Pallas) M. J. Wynne & J. M. Heineperennial
Phyllophora pseudoceranoides (S. G. Gmel.) Newroth & A. R. A. Taylorcommon perennial in shallow sublittoral; includes P. membranifolia
Family Polyidaceae
Polyides rotundus (Huds.) Grevillecommon perennial
Family Solieraceae
Agardhiellia subulata (C. Agardh) Kraft & M. J. Wynnecommon perennial in quiet water
Family Champiaceae
Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harv.abundant annual in summer
Family Lomentariaceae
Lomentaria baileyana (Harv.) Farl.abundant summer annual
Lomentaria clavellosa (Turner) Gailloninvader from Europe
Lomentaria orcadensis (Harv.) Collins ex W. R. Taylorabundant perennial
Family Ceramiaceae
Aglaothamnion roseum (Roth) Maggs & L’Hardy-Halossummer annual epiphyte
Anotrichium tenue (C. Agardh) Nägelisummer annual in shallow sublittoral
Antithamnion cruciatum (C. Agardh) Nägelipseudo-perennial epiphyte
Callithamnion corymbosum (Sm.) Lyngb.common summer annual
Callithamnion tetragonum (With.) S. F. Graysummer annual
Ceramium cimbricum H. E. Petersen in Rosenv.usually an epiphyte on eelgrass, other algae
Ceramium deslongchampii Chauv. ex Dubylate spring-fall annual
Ceramium diaphanum (Lightf.) Rothlate spring-fall annual
Ceramium strictum Harv.perennial common in summer
Ceramium virgatum Rothlate spring-fall annual
Griffithsia globulifera Harv. ex Kütz.common in summer
Pleonosporium borreri (Sm.) Någeli ex Haucksummer annual
Plumeria plumosa (Huds.) Kuntzeperennial in warmer waters
Pterothamnion plumula (J. Ellis) Någeliperennial in warmer bays
Ptilota serrata Kütz.uncommon perennial
Scagelia plylaiaei (Mont.) M. J. Wynneperennial epiphyte
Seirospora interrupta (Sm.) F. Schmitzperennial in sublittoral
Spermothamnion repens (Dillwyn) Rosenv.abundant summer annual
Spyridia filamentosa (Wulfen) Harv. in Hookspring-summer annual
Family Dasyaceae
Dasya baillouviana (S. G. Gmel.) Mont.late summer annual in quiet waters
Family Delesseriaceae
Grinnellia americana (C. Agardh) Harv.late summer in warm water
Phycodrys rubens Batterscommon perennial in deep cool water
Family Rhodomelaceae
Chondria baileyana (Mont.) Harv.common summer annual
Chondria dasyphylla (Woodw.) C. Agardhsummer annual
Polysiphonia denudata (Dillwyn) Grev. ex Harv. in Hookcommon perennial in littoral and sublittoral
Polysiphonia elongata (Huds.) Spreng.common in littoral and sublittoral
Polysiphonia fibrillosa (Dillwyn) Spreng.summer annual
Polysiphonia flexicaulis Harv. Collinssummer annual
Polysiphonia fucoides (Huds.) Grev.common pseudo-perennial in sublittoral
Polysiphonia harveyi Baileysummer annual
Polysiphonia nigra (Huds.) Batterssummer annual
Polysiphonia stricta (Dillwyn) Grev.winter annual
Polysiphonia subtilissima Mont.annual is estuaries and salt marsh
Rhodomela confervoides (Huds.) P. C. Silvacommon perennial in tide pools; includes R. virgata Kjellm
Rhodomela lycopodioides (L.) C. Agardhuncommon perennial in sublittoral
Phylum Chlorophyta – Green Algae
Family Prasiolaceae
Prasiola stipulata Suhr ex Jess.local very near its southern limit
Family Monostromataceae
Blidingia minima (Nägeli ex Kütz.) Kylincommon year-round
Family Ulvaceae
Enteromorpha clathrata (Roth) Grev.rare; one 1880 specimen
Enteromorpha intestinalis (L.) Neescommon
Enteromorpha linza (L.) J. Agardhcommon year-round
Ulva lactuca L.common in warms bays
Family Ulvellaceae
Bolbocoleon piliferum Pringsh.annual
Family Codiolaceae
Urospora wormskjoldii (Mert. in Hornem.) Rosenv.uncommon winter-spring annual
Family Chaetosiphonaceae
Blastophysa rhizopus Reinkeperennial
Family Cladophoraceae
Chaetomorpha aerea (Dillwyn) Kütz.year-round on open coasts
Chaetomorpha linum (O. F. Müll.) Kütz.aseasonal annual in shallow water
Chaetomorpha melagonium (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Kütz.littoral tide pools
Cladophora albida (Nees) Kütz.year-round in estuaries and bayas
Cladophora flexuosa (O. F. Müll.) Kütz.uncommon; specimen from 1946
Cladophora rupestris (L.) Kütz.uncommon
Cladophora sericea (Huds.) Kütz.annual in late fall and winter
Family Bryopsidaceae
Bryopsis plumosa (Huds.) C. Agardhyear-round, upper sublittoral
Derbesia marina (Lyngb.) Solieryear-round
Family Codiaceae
Codium fragile (Suringar) Harv. subsp. tormentosoides (Goor) P. C. Silvacommon